![]() The article concludes that excessively broad state definitions of "blight" and concepts like "future blight" have fueled a "tax grab" and converted TIF laws from tools for eradicating substandard housing conditions to a way for municipalities to "pad the tax base." To combat this effect, the article proposes various TIF law reforms, most significantly the addition of "but for" tests that would prevent municipalities from defining an area as "blighted" unless it is unlikely to receive private investment. It goes on to discuss the how the concept of "blight" has shifted from a condition of substandard housing to a condition of "sub-optimal" local economic development, in part due to intense competition among municipalities for TIFs. U a disease that damages and kills plants. It traces the definition of blight in the context of state and federal urban redevelopment programs from the nineteenth century through the Progressive Era to the advent of TIF laws in the 1980s and 90s. I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.This article examines the way municipalities have used increasingly broad interpretations of "blight" to compete for state tax increment financing (TIFs) for economic development purposes. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Both parishes derive their name from the Old English blithe, meaning the gentle or pleasant. His career has been blighted by injuries. The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:Įthical approval was granted by our UB IRB Read the Blight surname history and see the family crest. blight something to have a bad effect on something, especially by causing a lot of problems. The US Department of Agriculture advises creating the following solution to help prevent the disease or provide a tomato blight treatment. I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Some gardeners swear by a tomato blight treatment using baking soda. ![]() This study was funded in part by the Department of Veterans Affairs. The authors have declared no competing interest. COVID patients with low oxygen saturation levels or multiple co-morbidities should be preferentially watched for the development of long COVID. City codes are local laws adopted by the Phoenix City Council to improve the quality of life in neighborhoods by establishing minimum standards for. First reported in South Carolina in 1878, this fungal pathogen is known for causing needle shed and stunted growth in many pine species ( Pinus spp.). An actionable long COVID definition can also support public health, research and policy initiatives. Brown spot needle blight is a native disease caused by the fungus Lecanosticta acicola ( Mycosphaerella dearnessii, syn. Conclusions and Relevance An actionable, empirical definition for long COVID can help clinicians screen for and diagnose long COVID, allowing identified patients to be admitted into appropriate monitoring and treatment programs.
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